宏觀經濟 作者 Fred Razak

4 分鐘

最後更新: Tue Apr 28 2026

DeepSeek V4 Preview 加劇全球AI競爭,對美科技股構成壓力

DeepSeek V4 Preview 加劇全球AI競爭,對美科技股構成壓力

中國AI新創公司DeepSeek於週四發布了其備受期待的V4大型語言模型的預覽版,根據CNBC報導,時間為UTC 08:01。此公告發布後,與AI相關的美國股票出現賣壓,盤前交易中輝達 (Nvidia, NVDA)微軟 (Microsoft, MSFT)Alphabet (GOOGL) 的股價下跌,而百度 (Baidu, BIDU) 在香港早期交易中則上漲。


背景

DeepSeek的V4模型發布標誌著日益激烈的全球AI格局中的最新發展。

CNBC報導,這家中國新創公司在2025年初因其R1模型展示出可與領先的美國模型媲美的性能指標,且據稱訓練成本僅為其一小部分,而吸引了市場的廣泛關注。V4預覽版已引發對競爭動態的新一輪關注,評估美國AI基礎設施供應商的長期競爭地位。

市場參與者歷來對DeepSeek的公告做出反應,重新評估支撐輝達等公司估值的資本支出假設,輝達的晶片在AI模型訓練工作中仍然至關重要。

高盛 (Goldman Sachs)的分析師先前曾指出,更高效的AI訓練管道的證據可能會影響對高端GPU硬體的需求預測,儘管該公司也警告稱,推理需求可能會部分抵消任何近期的疲軟。

更廣泛的敘事集中在美國公司能否在中國競爭對手似乎正以更低的成本縮小能力差距的環境中,維持其目前的AI基礎設施支出步伐。摩根士丹利 (Morgan Stanley)的分析師已指出,雲端服務供應商的資本支出指引仍然是需要監控的關鍵變數,其中微軟Alphabet都預計在未來幾天公布季度財報。

對AI基礎設施支出的任何下調都可能加劇市場對DeepSeek公告的負面反應,而確認或增加的指引則可能提供穩定的對抗力量。

反之,一些市場觀察人士認為,擴大的AI競爭最終可能會加速企業和消費者領域的採用,從而可能在中期內擴大AI相關產品和服務的總體潛在市場。路透社 (Reuters)曾指出,DeepSeek所追求的開源AI發布,往往會降低下游應用的進入門檻,這可能有利於擁有既定分銷網絡的平台公司。


關鍵數據

根據路透社 (Reuters)MarketWatch的報導,盤前和亞洲早期交易時段觀察到以下價格變動:

  • NVDA:在美國盤前交易中,股價預計下跌約4.2%,接近歷史上作為日線圖盤整區的850美元水平。此水平僅供參考,不暗示方向確定性。
  • MSFT:盤前預計下跌約1.8%,在即將公布財報前交易於385美元區域附近。
  • GOOGL:盤前預計下跌約2.1%,投資者正在關注該公司的AI路線圖和基礎設施支出披露。
  • BIDU:在香港交易中上漲約3.4%,交易員將V4發布視為對中國AI發展敘事的廣泛支持。

中國AI發展與美國半導體股票之間的市場關係是動態的,並可能隨時間而變化。過去的相關性不保證未來的表現。


市場快照

資產水平變動來源
NVDA (盤前)~$850-4.2%MarketWatch
MSFT (盤前)~$385-1.8%MarketWatch
GOOGL (盤前)~$162-2.1%MarketWatch
BIDU (香港)~HK$112+3.4%路透社 (Reuters)
Nasdaq 100期貨~18,820-1.1%路透社 (Reuters)
S&P 500期貨~5,340-0.6%路透社 (Reuters)
USD/CNH~7.285+0.2%路透社 (Reuters)
美國10年期國債收益率~4.32%-3 個基點路透社 (Reuters)
黃金 (現貨)~$3,315/盎司+0.4%路透社 (Reuters)
比特幣~$93,400-0.3%CoinDesk

所有數據均為指示性,並可能隨時變動。數據來源於撰寫本文時可獲得的市場數據。


即將發生的事件

投資者和交易者可能希望關注以下即將發生的催化劑,這些催化劑可能會影響本文討論的資產。所有項目均可能修訂:

  • 微軟 (MSFT) 第3季財報 — 定於美國股市收盤後發布。根據MarketWatch的報導,Azure雲端收入增長和AI基礎設施資本支出指引是分析師將關注的關鍵指標。
  • Alphabet (GOOGL) 第1季財報 — 同樣定於美國股市收盤後發布。根據路透社 (Reuters)的報導,考慮到DeepSeek V4的發布,Google Cloud的業績和Gemini AI路線圖的評論可能會受到密切關注。
  • 美國GDP (初步估計) — 根據Investing.com經濟日曆,本週將公布。與共識相比的重大失誤可能會影響更廣泛的風險情緒。
  • FOMC政策會議 — 美聯儲的下次政策決定已安排,並可能對科技估值產生影響,科技估值歷來對利率預期很敏感。請參閱FOMC日曆以獲取確認日期。
  • 輝達管理層評論 — 儘管沒有正式活動安排,但分析師社群將密切關注輝達領導層關於需求可見度的任何公開聲明,特別是在中國AI競爭發展的背景下,根據CNBC的報導。

風險免責聲明:交易差價合約涉及重大風險,並可能導致您已投資的資本損失。差價合約是複雜的工具,由於槓桿作用,存在快速虧損的巨大風險。您應考慮您是否理解差價合約的運作方式以及您是否能承受損失資金的高風險。過去的表現並不預示未來的結果。本內容僅供參考和教育目的,不構成投資建議。

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