商品市場 作者 Fred Razak

5 分鐘

最後更新: Fri May 22 2026

油價守住 100 美元關卡,伊朗與美國談判受川普「數日」警告影響

油價守住 100 美元關卡,伊朗與美國談判受川普「數日」警告影響

自 2 月下旬以來,荷姆茲海峽實際上已關閉,油價正以每桶 100 美元以上的價格反映這一現實——下一個主要驅動因素可能是 油價 ,而不僅僅是實際供應數據。 

週四下午倫敦交易時段,布蘭特原油期貨上漲 1.9%,報每桶 106.92 美元,而 西德州原油期貨上漲 2.4%,報每桶 100.59 美元 ——自 2 月 28 日美國和以色列對伊朗發動襲擊以來,兩者期貨合約均已上漲約 45%。漲勢出現之際,伊朗外交部發言人 Esmaeil Baghaei 證實,伊斯蘭共和國已收到華盛頓的最新提議並正在審查,據 CNBC 的 Sam Meredith 報導。這比直接拒絕的語氣略為緩和——市場也隨之做出反應。實際談判內容與參與者


據伊朗 ISNA 通訊社援引

CNBC 報導,巴基斯坦陸軍參謀長 Asim Munir 週四將前往德黑蘭,繼續調解華盛頓與德黑蘭之間的談判。巴基斯坦上月主辦了前幾輪談判,並已成為書面交流的中心管道——Baghaei 證實,根據伊朗最初的 14 點框架,已進行了「數輪溝通」。交流仍需透過中間人進行,而非直接雙邊會談,這表明雙方之間可能仍存在重大分歧。川普週三在安德魯斯聯合基地發表的言論並未縮小這種分歧。

「相信我,如果我們得不到正確的回應,情況會發展得非常快。我們都準備好了,」 川普告訴記者。當被問及他會等多久時: 「可能是幾天,但也可能發展得非常快。」 次日上午,他表示週二時他曾差點下令襲擊,但後來推遲了。這種設定最後期限、推遲最後期限、升級言論的模式已經重複了足夠多次,以至於市場已經學會了稍微消化這種威脅,但並未完全忽略。週四 WTI 上漲 2.4% 表明市場參與者似乎對積極做空持謹慎態度。 伊朗革命衛隊週三發布的一份聲明進一步加劇了緊張局勢,威脅稱如果美國和以色列的襲擊恢復,將把衝突「擴大到該地區以外」。這種針對更廣泛升級而非僅僅是荷姆茲海峽的言論,是交易員最應密切關注的句子。地區性蔓延若牽涉到海灣產油國,將使原本假設荷姆茲海峽將持續關閉的供應預測變得複雜。

45% 的漲勢面臨結構性阻力問題


45%的漲勢面臨結構性天花板問題

自2月28日以來,布蘭特原油和西德州原油價格均上漲45%,這反映了結構性的嚴重中斷:戰爭前,全球約20%的石油和液化天然氣通過霍爾木茲海峽運輸, 自衝突開始以來,航運量幾乎停滯。此舉反映了地緣政治情緒和實體供應鏈中斷的擔憂。阿聯酋的繞道輸油管道項目據報已完成近50%,可提供部分未來的緩解,但目前尚未投入運營,而且「近50%」的進度在本週無法運輸原油。

對石油價格有利的供應面條件依然存在。但價格上漲面臨真實的風險:任何可信的降級信號——即使是同意繼續談判的聯合聲明——都可能導致波動加劇或重新評估當前的價格溢價。買入2月跌勢的交易員正獲得可觀的收益,問題是他們是否會持有這些頭寸以應對外交驅動的劇烈波動。

美元指數(DXY)在此處較不明顯。一項真正的和平協議若能重開霍爾木茲海峽,可能會引發風險偏好回升,美元將回吐部分地緣政治溢價。反之,若恢復軍事打擊,美元可能會作為避險資產大幅走強,即使石油價格創下新高。


看跌理由並非外交——而是需求破壞

在布蘭特原油每桶106.92美元和西德州原油每桶100.59美元的價位,需求破壞的計算開始顯現。持續的百元油價歷史上會壓縮航空公司的營運利潤,擴大工業投入成本,並對能源曝險較高的非必需消費品類股造成壓力——尤其是在沒有國內生產緩衝的重度依賴進口的經濟體中。

這種壓力不會在一天的價格走勢中顯現;它會在數週的高原油成本中累積,並最終反饋到可能壓低支撐漲勢的價格的需求信號中。如果衝突拖延至第三季度仍未解決,且亞洲和歐洲的需求數據疲軟,供應衝擊的買盤可能開始面臨需求萎縮的逆風。這將是可能挑戰當前價格可持續性的情境。

還有特朗普談判一致性的問題。自2月以來,總統已多次設定並推遲了罷擊期限。如果德黑蘭認為華盛頓的紅線是彈性的,那麼在14點框架上做出有意義讓步的動力就會減弱——這可能無限期延長僵局,讓雙方處於「非戰非和」的均衡狀態,導致航運量受抑,同時又無法為能源市場提供設定持久價格所需的清晰需求指引。


關注催化劑

  • 巴基斯坦陸軍參謀長阿西姆·穆尼爾訪問德黑蘭 (2026年5月21日,星期四)——任何聯合聲明或伊朗正式回應時間表的確認都將是即時催化劑。沉默本身就是一個數據點。
  • EIA每週石油供應報告EIA 數據將繼續反映美國進口和儲存數據中的結構性霍爾木茲中斷。庫存下降幅度擴大可能會延續原油買盤。
  • 特朗普關於伊朗罷擊時間表的任何聲明 ——鑑於總統本人將其描述為「幾天」,任何在週末前公開的評論都將重置布蘭特和西德州原油曲線的風險溢價。

風險免責聲明: 交易差價合約(CFDs)涉及重大風險,並可能導致您投資的資本損失。差價合約是複雜的工具,由於槓桿作用,其虧損風險很高。您應考慮是否理解差價合約的運作方式,以及您是否能承受損失資金的高風險。過往表現並不預示未來結果。本內容僅供參考和教育目的,不構成投資建議。

Company Information: YWO (the “Brand”) operates under multiple licenses issued by recognized financial regulatory authorities, ensuring compliance, transparency, and protection for our clients across jurisdictions.
YWO (MU) Ltd is authorized and regulated by the Financial Services Authority (FSC) of Mauritius under the License No. GB25205550. The Company’s registration number is GBC229766 and its registered office is located at 2nd Floor, Suite 201, The Catalyst Cybercity Ebene, Mauritius.
YWO (PTY) Ltd is authorized and regulated by the Financial Sector Conduct Authority (FSCA) of South Africa under FSP License No. 54357. The Company’s registration number is 2024/339763/07 and its registered office is located at 29 First Avenue East, Parktown North, Johannesburg, Gauteng, 2193, South Africa.
YWO (CM) Ltd is authorized and regulated by the Mwali International Services Authority (M.I.S.A.) of the Union of the Comoros under License No. BFX2025026. The Company’s registration number is HT00225012, with its registered office at Bonovo Road, Fomboni, Island of Moheli, Comoros Union.
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  • YWO (MU) Ltd does not provide services to residents of the European Union (EU), United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Canada or Australia.
  • YWO (PTY) Ltd does not provide services to residents of the European Union (EU), the United States (US), United Kingdom (UK), Canada, Australia or South Africa.
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