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商品市場 作者 Fred Razak

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最後更新: Tue May 12 2026

WTI 突破 100 美元大關,因川普稱伊朗停火「命懸一線」

WTI 突破 100 美元大關,因川普稱伊朗停火「命懸一線」

西德州原油 (WTI) 再度站上 100 美元關卡,這次並非關乎供需週期或石油輸出國組織 (OPEC) 的配額——而是關乎川普形容為「存活機率約 1%」的停火協議。這並非外交上的委婉說法。這確實降低了近期達成外交解決方案的可能性。

WTI 六月期貨週二上午 07:57 (ET) 上漲 3.3%,報價為 每桶 101.37 美元布蘭特 (Brent) 七月原油期貨同期上漲 3.2%,報價為 每桶 107.58 美元 ,根據 CNBC 的 Justina Lee 報導。自 2 月 28 日美國及以色列對伊朗開戰以來,兩大基準原油期貨均已上漲超過 40%。


川普駁回伊朗反建議,油價風險溢價擴大

導火線很明確。川普告訴記者,德黑蘭結束衝突的對應提議是「垃圾」,並以沒有外交官會選擇的措辭來形容停火條件: 「我會說停火協議命懸一線,就像醫生走進來對家屬說,『先生,您的親人存活機率約為 1%』。」 這段引述由 CNBC報導,抹去了油價部位中殘存的任何和平溢價。市場顯然曾將達成協議的可能性納入考量。現在已不再如此。

荷姆茲海峽 是此事件的中心。長期封鎖可能對現貨價格造成上漲壓力,並嚴重影響期貨曲線動態及供應鏈定價。沙烏地阿拉伯國家石油公司 (Saudi Aramco) 執行長 Amin Nasser 週一在其公司第一季財報電話會議上,為此損害設定了一個嚴格的時間表: 「如果荷姆茲海峽今天開放,市場仍需要數月才能重新平衡;如果其開放延遲數週,那麼正常化將持續到 2027 年。」 這番來自全球最大石油公司領導人的說法並非預防性對沖——而是對結構性緊俏的警告。

衛星圖像顯示 CNBC 的報導 顯示阿曼薩拉拉的石油儲存設施大火——由伊朗於 3 月 11 日發動無人機襲擊點燃——在 3 月 13 日仍可見到一股煙霧籠罩著阿曼灣的戰略港口。這場大火在襲擊數週後仍然存在,象徵著衝突中基礎設施損壞的恢復速度有多慢。


受此影響的首批板塊

在西德州原油 (WTI) 價格超過 100 美元的情況下,下游相關企業的利潤壓力立竿見影。航空公司的利潤率本已因衝突對區域航線的連鎖反應而受到擠壓,現在又面臨著與布蘭特原油價格密切相關的航空燃油成本的新阻力。燃料敞口未對沖的卡車運輸和物流公司也面臨同樣的困境。相反,能源生產商在原油價格高企時期歷來吸引投資者關注,儘管股票表現可能因整體市場狀況而異。

花旗銀行明確指出了方向性風險: 「油價一直波動,如果美伊達成協議的談判仍然棘手,油價可能進一步上漲,」 該銀行在一份報告中寫道,CNBC 援引了該報告。


唯一可能改變這一局勢的途徑

地緣政治和安全情報公司 Dragonfly 的首席情報官 Henry Wilkinson 週二告訴 CNBC 的 Squawk Box Asia 節目,局勢再次升級的可能性仍然存在,但他指出了一個值得關注的特定渠道:川普可能會在本週晚些時候的中國-美國會談中,要求中國國家主席習近平敦促伊朗接受美國的條件。 本週晚些時候的中國-美國會談如果北京施加壓力,德黑蘭發出靈活性信號,油價可能迅速逆轉——速度與上漲時一樣快。任何關於霍爾木茲海峽重新開放或真正停火的公告都可能促使原油市場迅速重新定位,並增加短期波動性。自 2 月份以來上漲 40% 以上意味著多頭頭寸擁擠,而當頭條新聞改變時,擁擠的多頭頭寸會迅速消失。

這就是該交易的看跌論點:石油的地緣政治溢價完全是二元的。戰爭可能會持續下去,Nasser 的 2027 年常態化預測被證明是準確的,或者一次外交突破可能在數小時內壓縮風險溢價。介於兩者之間的空間不大。


風險免責聲明:交易差價合約 (CFD) 涉及重大風險,可能導致您投資的資本損失。差價合約是複雜的金融工具,由於槓桿作用,存在快速虧損的巨大風險。您應當考慮您是否理解差價合約的運作方式以及您是否能夠承受損失資金的高風險。過往表現並不預示未來結果。本內容僅供參考和教育目的,不構成投資建議。

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